uboot: (firmwareOdroidC2/C4) don't invoke patch tool, use patches = [] instead
https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/master/pkgs/stdenv/generic/setup.sh#L948 this can do it nicely. Signed-off-by: Anton Arapov <anton@deadbeef.mx>
This commit is contained in:
Anton Arapov
Alan Daniels
commit
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# Installing from another Linux distribution {#sec-installing-from-other-distro}
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Because Nix (the package manager) & Nixpkgs (the Nix packages
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collection) can both be installed on any (most?) Linux distributions,
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they can be used to install NixOS in various creative ways. You can, for
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instance:
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1. Install NixOS on another partition, from your existing Linux
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distribution (without the use of a USB or optical device!)
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1. Install NixOS on the same partition (in place!), from your existing
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non-NixOS Linux distribution using `NIXOS_LUSTRATE`.
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1. Install NixOS on your hard drive from the Live CD of any Linux
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distribution.
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The first steps to all these are the same:
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1. Install the Nix package manager:
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Short version:
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```ShellSession
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$ curl -L https://nixos.org/nix/install | sh
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$ . $HOME/.nix-profile/etc/profile.d/nix.sh # …or open a fresh shell
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```
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More details in the [ Nix
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manual](https://nixos.org/nix/manual/#chap-quick-start)
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1. Switch to the NixOS channel:
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If you\'ve just installed Nix on a non-NixOS distribution, you will
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be on the `nixpkgs` channel by default.
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```ShellSession
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$ nix-channel --list
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nixpkgs https://nixos.org/channels/nixpkgs-unstable
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```
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As that channel gets released without running the NixOS tests, it
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will be safer to use the `nixos-*` channels instead:
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```ShellSession
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$ nix-channel --add https://nixos.org/channels/nixos-version nixpkgs
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```
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You may want to throw in a `nix-channel --update` for good measure.
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1. Install the NixOS installation tools:
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You\'ll need `nixos-generate-config` and `nixos-install`, but this
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also makes some man pages and `nixos-enter` available, just in case
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you want to chroot into your NixOS partition. NixOS installs these
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by default, but you don\'t have NixOS yet..
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```ShellSession
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$ nix-env -f '<nixpkgs>' -iA nixos-install-tools
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```
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1. ::: {.note}
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The following 5 steps are only for installing NixOS to another
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partition. For installing NixOS in place using `NIXOS_LUSTRATE`,
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skip ahead.
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:::
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Prepare your target partition:
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At this point it is time to prepare your target partition. Please
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refer to the partitioning, file-system creation, and mounting steps
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of [](#sec-installation)
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If you\'re about to install NixOS in place using `NIXOS_LUSTRATE`
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there is nothing to do for this step.
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1. Generate your NixOS configuration:
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```ShellSession
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$ sudo `which nixos-generate-config` --root /mnt
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```
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You\'ll probably want to edit the configuration files. Refer to the
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`nixos-generate-config` step in [](#sec-installation) for more
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information.
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Consider setting up the NixOS bootloader to give you the ability to
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boot on your existing Linux partition. For instance, if you\'re
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using GRUB and your existing distribution is running Ubuntu, you may
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want to add something like this to your `configuration.nix`:
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```nix
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boot.loader.grub.extraEntries = ''
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menuentry "Ubuntu" {
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search --set=ubuntu --fs-uuid 3cc3e652-0c1f-4800-8451-033754f68e6e
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configfile "($ubuntu)/boot/grub/grub.cfg"
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}
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'';
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```
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(You can find the appropriate UUID for your partition in
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`/dev/disk/by-uuid`)
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1. Create the `nixbld` group and user on your original distribution:
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```ShellSession
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$ sudo groupadd -g 30000 nixbld
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$ sudo useradd -u 30000 -g nixbld -G nixbld nixbld
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```
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1. Download/build/install NixOS:
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::: {.warning}
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Once you complete this step, you might no longer be able to boot on
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existing systems without the help of a rescue USB drive or similar.
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:::
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::: {.note}
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On some distributions there are separate PATHS for programs intended
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only for root. In order for the installation to succeed, you might
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have to use `PATH="$PATH:/usr/sbin:/sbin"` in the following command.
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:::
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```ShellSession
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$ sudo PATH="$PATH" NIX_PATH="$NIX_PATH" `which nixos-install` --root /mnt
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```
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Again, please refer to the `nixos-install` step in
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[](#sec-installation) for more information.
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That should be it for installation to another partition!
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1. Optionally, you may want to clean up your non-NixOS distribution:
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```ShellSession
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$ sudo userdel nixbld
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$ sudo groupdel nixbld
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```
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If you do not wish to keep the Nix package manager installed either,
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run something like `sudo rm -rv ~/.nix-* /nix` and remove the line
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that the Nix installer added to your `~/.profile`.
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1. ::: {.note}
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The following steps are only for installing NixOS in place using
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`NIXOS_LUSTRATE`:
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:::
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Generate your NixOS configuration:
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```ShellSession
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$ sudo `which nixos-generate-config` --root /
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```
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Note that this will place the generated configuration files in
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`/etc/nixos`. You\'ll probably want to edit the configuration files.
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Refer to the `nixos-generate-config` step in
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[](#sec-installation) for more information.
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You\'ll likely want to set a root password for your first boot using
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the configuration files because you won\'t have a chance to enter a
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password until after you reboot. You can initalize the root password
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to an empty one with this line: (and of course don\'t forget to set
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one once you\'ve rebooted or to lock the account with
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`sudo passwd -l root` if you use `sudo`)
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```nix
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users.users.root.initialHashedPassword = "";
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```
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1. Build the NixOS closure and install it in the `system` profile:
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```ShellSession
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$ nix-env -p /nix/var/nix/profiles/system -f '<nixpkgs/nixos>' -I nixos-config=/etc/nixos/configuration.nix -iA system
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```
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1. Change ownership of the `/nix` tree to root (since your Nix install
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was probably single user):
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```ShellSession
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$ sudo chown -R 0:0 /nix
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```
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1. Set up the `/etc/NIXOS` and `/etc/NIXOS_LUSTRATE` files:
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`/etc/NIXOS` officializes that this is now a NixOS partition (the
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bootup scripts require its presence).
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`/etc/NIXOS_LUSTRATE` tells the NixOS bootup scripts to move
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*everything* that\'s in the root partition to `/old-root`. This will
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move your existing distribution out of the way in the very early
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stages of the NixOS bootup. There are exceptions (we do need to keep
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NixOS there after all), so the NixOS lustrate process will not
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touch:
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- The `/nix` directory
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- The `/boot` directory
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- Any file or directory listed in `/etc/NIXOS_LUSTRATE` (one per
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line)
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::: {.note}
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Support for `NIXOS_LUSTRATE` was added in NixOS 16.09. The act of
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\"lustrating\" refers to the wiping of the existing distribution.
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Creating `/etc/NIXOS_LUSTRATE` can also be used on NixOS to remove
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all mutable files from your root partition (anything that\'s not in
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`/nix` or `/boot` gets \"lustrated\" on the next boot.
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lustrate /ˈlʌstreɪt/ verb.
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purify by expiatory sacrifice, ceremonial washing, or some other
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ritual action.
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:::
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Let\'s create the files:
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```ShellSession
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$ sudo touch /etc/NIXOS
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$ sudo touch /etc/NIXOS_LUSTRATE
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```
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Let\'s also make sure the NixOS configuration files are kept once we
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reboot on NixOS:
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```ShellSession
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$ echo etc/nixos | sudo tee -a /etc/NIXOS_LUSTRATE
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```
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1. Finally, move the `/boot` directory of your current distribution out
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of the way (the lustrate process will take care of the rest once you
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reboot, but this one must be moved out now because NixOS needs to
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install its own boot files:
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::: {.warning}
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Once you complete this step, your current distribution will no
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longer be bootable! If you didn\'t get all the NixOS configuration
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right, especially those settings pertaining to boot loading and root
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partition, NixOS may not be bootable either. Have a USB rescue
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device ready in case this happens.
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:::
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```ShellSession
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$ sudo mv -v /boot /boot.bak &&
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sudo /nix/var/nix/profiles/system/bin/switch-to-configuration boot
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```
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Cross your fingers, reboot, hopefully you should get a NixOS prompt!
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1. If for some reason you want to revert to the old distribution,
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you\'ll need to boot on a USB rescue disk and do something along
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these lines:
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```ShellSession
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# mkdir root
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# mount /dev/sdaX root
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# mkdir root/nixos-root
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# mv -v root/* root/nixos-root/
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# mv -v root/nixos-root/old-root/* root/
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# mv -v root/boot.bak root/boot # We had renamed this by hand earlier
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# umount root
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# reboot
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```
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This may work as is or you might also need to reinstall the boot
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loader.
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And of course, if you\'re happy with NixOS and no longer need the
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old distribution:
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```ShellSession
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sudo rm -rf /old-root
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```
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1. It\'s also worth noting that this whole process can be automated.
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This is especially useful for Cloud VMs, where provider do not
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provide NixOS. For instance,
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[nixos-infect](https://github.com/elitak/nixos-infect) uses the
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lustrate process to convert Digital Ocean droplets to NixOS from
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other distributions automatically.
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