wayland/screencopy: enable vulkan dmabuf support on session locks

Also reformat dmabuf

.github/workflows/build.yml

@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ jobs:
             wayland-protocols \
             wayland \
             libdrm \
+            vulkan-headers \
             libxcb \
             libpipewire \
             cli11 \

BUILD.md

@@ -146,6 +146,7 @@ To disable: `-DSCREENCOPY=OFF`
 Dependencies:
 - `libdrm`
 - `libgbm`
+- `vulkan-headers` (build-time)
 
 Specific protocols can also be disabled:
 - `DSCREENCOPY_ICC=OFF` - Disable screencopy via [ext-image-copy-capture-v1]

changelog/next.md

@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@ set shell id.
 - Added support for grabbing focus from popup windows.
 - Added support for IPC signal listeners.
 - Added Quickshell version checking and version gated preprocessing.
+- Added a way to detect if an icon is from the system icon theme or not.
+- Added vulkan support to screencopy.
 
 ## Other Changes
 
@@ -35,6 +37,7 @@ set shell id.
 
 - Fixed volume control breaking with pipewire pro audio mode.
 - Fixed volume control breaking with bluez streams and potentially others.
+- Fixed volume control breaking for devices without route definitions.
 - Fixed escape sequence handling in desktop entries.
 - Fixed volumes not initializing if a pipewire device was already loaded before its node.
 - Fixed hyprland active toplevel not resetting after window closes.
@@ -43,7 +46,10 @@ set shell id.
 - Fixed asynchronous loaders not working after reload.
 - Fixed asynchronous loaders not working before window creation.
 - Fixed memory leak in IPC handlers.
+- Fixed ClippingRectangle related crashes.
+- Fixed crashes when monitors are unplugged.
 
 ## Packaging Changes
 
 `glib` and `polkit` have been added as dependencies when compiling with polkit agent support.
+`vulkan-headers` has been added as a build-time dependency for screencopy (Vulkan backend support).

default.nix

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
   xorg,
   libdrm,
   libgbm ? null,
+  vulkan-headers,
   pipewire,
   pam,
   polkit,
@@ -77,7 +78,7 @@
     ++ lib.optional withJemalloc jemalloc
     ++ lib.optional (withWayland && lib.strings.compareVersions qt6.qtbase.version "6.10.0" == -1) qt6.qtwayland
     ++ lib.optionals withWayland [ wayland wayland-protocols ]
-    ++ lib.optionals (withWayland && libgbm != null) [ libdrm libgbm ]
+    ++ lib.optionals (withWayland && libgbm != null) [ libdrm libgbm vulkan-headers ]
     ++ lib.optional withX11 xorg.libxcb
     ++ lib.optional withPam pam
     ++ lib.optional withPipewire pipewire

src/core/qmlglobal.cpp

@@ -314,6 +314,8 @@ QString QuickshellGlobal::iconPath(const QString& icon, const QString& fallback)
 	return IconImageProvider::requestString(icon, "", fallback);
 }
 
+bool QuickshellGlobal::hasThemeIcon(const QString& icon) { return QIcon::hasThemeIcon(icon); }
+
 bool QuickshellGlobal::hasVersion(qint32 major, qint32 minor, const QStringList& features) {
 	return qs::scan::env::PreprocEnv::hasVersion(major, minor, features);
 }

src/core/qmlglobal.hpp

@@ -202,6 +202,8 @@ public:
 	/// Setting the `fallback` parameter of `iconPath` will attempt to load the fallback
 	/// icon if the requested one could not be loaded.
 	Q_INVOKABLE static QString iconPath(const QString& icon, const QString& fallback);
+	/// Check if specified icon has an available icon in your icon theme
+	Q_INVOKABLE static bool hasThemeIcon(const QString& icon);
 	/// Equivalent to `${Quickshell.configDir}/${path}`
 	Q_INVOKABLE [[nodiscard]] QString shellPath(const QString& path) const;
 	/// > [!WARNING] Deprecated: Renamed to @@shellPath() for clarity.

src/core/scan.cpp

@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ bool QmlScanner::scanQmlFile(const QString& path, bool& singleton, bool& interna
 	auto stream = QTextStream(&file);
 	auto imports = QVector<QString>();
 
-	bool inHeader = false;
+	bool inHeader = true;
 	auto ifScopes = QVector<bool>();
 	bool sourceMasked = false;
 	int lineNum = 0;
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ bool QmlScanner::scanQmlFile(const QString& path, bool& singleton, bool& interna
 			} else if (!internal && line == "//@ pragma Internal") {
 				internal = true;
 			} else if (line.contains('{')) {
-				inHeader = true;
+				inHeader = false;
 			}
 		}
 

src/core/scanenv.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #include "scanenv.hpp"
 
 #include <qcontainerfwd.h>
+#include <qtenvironmentvariables.h>
 
 #include "build.hpp"
 
@@ -19,4 +20,12 @@ bool PreprocEnv::hasVersion(int major, int minor, const QStringList& features) {
 	return QS_VERSION_MAJOR == major && QS_VERSION_MINOR == minor;
 }
 
+QString PreprocEnv::env(const QString& variable) {
+	return qEnvironmentVariable(variable.toStdString().c_str());
+}
+
+bool PreprocEnv::isEnvSet(const QString& variable) {
+	return qEnvironmentVariableIsSet(variable.toStdString().c_str());
+}
+
 } // namespace qs::scan::env

src/core/scanenv.hpp

@@ -12,6 +12,9 @@ class PreprocEnv: public QObject {
 public:
 	Q_INVOKABLE static bool
 	hasVersion(int major, int minor, const QStringList& features = QStringList());
+
+	Q_INVOKABLE static QString env(const QString& variable);
+	Q_INVOKABLE static bool isEnvSet(const QString& variable);
 };
 
 } // namespace qs::scan::env

src/ipc/ipc.cpp

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ IpcServerConnection::IpcServerConnection(QLocalSocket* socket, IpcServer* server
 
 void IpcServerConnection::onDisconnected() {
 	qCInfo(logIpc) << "IPC connection disconnected" << this;
-	delete this;
+	this->deleteLater();
 }
 
 void IpcServerConnection::onReadyRead() {
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ void IpcServerConnection::onReadyRead() {
 
 	// async connections reparent
 	if (dynamic_cast<IpcServer*>(this->parent()) != nullptr) {
-		delete this;
+		this->deleteLater();
 	}
 }
 

src/services/pipewire/device.cpp

@@ -141,6 +141,10 @@ bool PwDevice::tryLoadVolumeProps(qint32 routeDevice, PwVolumeProps& volumeProps
 	return true;
 }
 
+bool PwDevice::hasRouteDevice(qint32 routeDevice) const {
+	return this->routeDeviceIndexes.contains(routeDevice);
+}
+
 void PwDevice::polled() {
 	// It is far more likely that the list content has not come in yet than it having no entries,
 	// and there isn't a way to check in the case that there *aren't* actually any entries.

src/services/pipewire/device.hpp

@@ -12,13 +12,15 @@
 #include <spa/pod/builder.h>
 
 #include "core.hpp"
-#include "node.hpp"
 #include "registry.hpp"
 
 namespace qs::service::pipewire {
 
 class PwDevice;
 
+// Forward declare to avoid circular dependency with node.hpp
+struct PwVolumeProps;
+
 class PwDevice: public PwBindable<pw_device, PW_TYPE_INTERFACE_Device, PW_VERSION_DEVICE> {
 	Q_OBJECT;
 
@@ -33,6 +35,7 @@ public:
 	[[nodiscard]] bool waitingForDevice() const;
 
 	[[nodiscard]] bool tryLoadVolumeProps(qint32 routeDevice, PwVolumeProps& volumeProps);
+	[[nodiscard]] bool hasRouteDevice(qint32 routeDevice) const;
 
 signals:
 	void deviceReady();

src/services/pipewire/node.cpp

@@ -429,6 +429,10 @@ void PwNodeBoundAudio::setMuted(bool muted) {
 }
 
 float PwNodeBoundAudio::averageVolume() const {
+	if (this->mVolumes.isEmpty()) {
+		return 0.0f;
+	}
+
 	float total = 0;
 
 	for (auto volume: this->mVolumes) {
@@ -572,22 +576,28 @@ PwVolumeProps PwVolumeProps::parseSpaPod(const spa_pod* param) {
 	const auto* muteProp = spa_pod_find_prop(param, nullptr, SPA_PROP_mute);
 	const auto* volumeStepProp = spa_pod_find_prop(param, nullptr, SPA_PROP_volumeStep);
 
-	const auto* volumes = reinterpret_cast<const spa_pod_array*>(&volumesProp->value);
-	const auto* channels = reinterpret_cast<const spa_pod_array*>(&channelsProp->value);
-
-	spa_pod* iter = nullptr;
-	SPA_POD_ARRAY_FOREACH(volumes, iter) {
-		// Cubing behavior found in MPD source, and appears to corrospond to everyone else's measurements correctly.
-		auto linear = *reinterpret_cast<float*>(iter);
-		auto visual = std::cbrt(linear);
-		props.volumes.push_back(visual);
+	if (volumesProp) {
+		const auto* volumes = reinterpret_cast<const spa_pod_array*>(&volumesProp->value);
+		spa_pod* iter = nullptr;
+		SPA_POD_ARRAY_FOREACH(volumes, iter) {
+			// Cubing behavior found in MPD source, and appears to corrospond to everyone else's measurements correctly.
+			auto linear = *reinterpret_cast<float*>(iter);
+			auto visual = std::cbrt(linear);
+			props.volumes.push_back(visual);
+		}
 	}
 
-	SPA_POD_ARRAY_FOREACH(channels, iter) {
-		props.channels.push_back(*reinterpret_cast<PwAudioChannel::Enum*>(iter));
+	if (channelsProp) {
+		const auto* channels = reinterpret_cast<const spa_pod_array*>(&channelsProp->value);
+		spa_pod* iter = nullptr;
+		SPA_POD_ARRAY_FOREACH(channels, iter) {
+			props.channels.push_back(*reinterpret_cast<PwAudioChannel::Enum*>(iter));
+		}
 	}
 
-	spa_pod_get_bool(&muteProp->value, &props.mute);
+	if (muteProp) {
+		spa_pod_get_bool(&muteProp->value, &props.mute);
+	}
 
 	if (volumeStepProp) {
 		spa_pod_get_float(&volumeStepProp->value, &props.volumeStep);

src/services/pipewire/node.hpp

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 #include <spa/pod/pod.h>
 
 #include "core.hpp"
+#include "device.hpp"
 #include "registry.hpp"
 
 namespace qs::service::pipewire {
@@ -249,7 +250,9 @@ public:
 	bool proAudio = false;
 
 	[[nodiscard]] bool shouldUseDevice() const {
-		return this->device && !this->proAudio && this->routeDevice != -1;
+		if (!this->device || this->proAudio || this->routeDevice == -1) return false;
+		// Only use device control if the device actually has route indexes for this routeDevice
+		return this->device->hasRouteDevice(this->routeDevice);
 	}
 
 signals:

src/wayland/buffer/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 find_package(PkgConfig REQUIRED)
 pkg_check_modules(dmabuf-deps REQUIRED IMPORTED_TARGET libdrm gbm egl)
 
+find_package(VulkanHeaders REQUIRED)
+
 qt_add_library(quickshell-wayland-buffer STATIC
 	manager.cpp
 	dmabuf.cpp
@@ -10,9 +12,10 @@ qt_add_library(quickshell-wayland-buffer STATIC
 wl_proto(wlp-linux-dmabuf linux-dmabuf-v1 "${WAYLAND_PROTOCOLS}/stable/linux-dmabuf")
 
 target_link_libraries(quickshell-wayland-buffer PRIVATE
-	Qt::Quick Qt::WaylandClient Qt::WaylandClientPrivate wayland-client
+	Qt::Quick Qt::QuickPrivate Qt::GuiPrivate Qt::WaylandClient Qt::WaylandClientPrivate wayland-client
 	PkgConfig::dmabuf-deps
 	wlp-linux-dmabuf
+	Vulkan::Headers
 )
 
 qs_pch(quickshell-wayland-buffer SET large)

src/wayland/buffer/dmabuf.cpp

@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <gbm.h>
 #include <libdrm/drm_fourcc.h>
+#include <private/qquickwindow_p.h>
+#include <private/qrhivulkan_p.h>
 #include <qcontainerfwd.h>
 #include <qdebug.h>
 #include <qlist.h>
@@ -24,12 +26,17 @@
 #include <qpair.h>
 #include <qquickwindow.h>
 #include <qscopedpointer.h>
+#include <qsgrendererinterface.h>
 #include <qsgtexture_platform.h>
+#include <qtypes.h>
+#include <qvulkanfunctions.h>
+#include <qvulkaninstance.h>
 #include <qwayland-linux-dmabuf-v1.h>
 #include <qwaylandclientextension.h>
 #include <sys/mman.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
+#include <vulkan/vulkan_core.h>
 #include <wayland-client-protocol.h>
 #include <wayland-linux-dmabuf-v1-client-protocol.h>
 #include <wayland-util.h>
@@ -48,6 +55,36 @@ QS_LOGGING_CATEGORY(logDmabuf, "quickshell.wayland.buffer.dmabuf", QtWarningMsg)
 
 LinuxDmabufManager* MANAGER = nullptr; // NOLINT
 
+VkFormat drmFormatToVkFormat(uint32_t drmFormat) {
+	// NOLINTBEGIN(bugprone-branch-clone): XRGB/ARGB intentionally map to the same VK format
+	switch (drmFormat) {
+	case DRM_FORMAT_ARGB8888: return VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM;
+	case DRM_FORMAT_XRGB8888: return VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM;
+	case DRM_FORMAT_ABGR8888: return VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
+	case DRM_FORMAT_XBGR8888: return VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
+	case DRM_FORMAT_ARGB2101010: return VK_FORMAT_A2R10G10B10_UNORM_PACK32;
+	case DRM_FORMAT_XRGB2101010: return VK_FORMAT_A2R10G10B10_UNORM_PACK32;
+	case DRM_FORMAT_ABGR2101010: return VK_FORMAT_A2B10G10R10_UNORM_PACK32;
+	case DRM_FORMAT_XBGR2101010: return VK_FORMAT_A2B10G10R10_UNORM_PACK32;
+	case DRM_FORMAT_ABGR16161616F: return VK_FORMAT_R16G16B16A16_SFLOAT;
+	case DRM_FORMAT_RGB565: return VK_FORMAT_R5G6B5_UNORM_PACK16;
+	case DRM_FORMAT_BGR565: return VK_FORMAT_B5G6R5_UNORM_PACK16;
+	default: return VK_FORMAT_UNDEFINED;
+	}
+	// NOLINTEND(bugprone-branch-clone)
+}
+
+bool drmFormatHasAlpha(uint32_t drmFormat) {
+	switch (drmFormat) {
+	case DRM_FORMAT_ARGB8888:
+	case DRM_FORMAT_ABGR8888:
+	case DRM_FORMAT_ARGB2101010:
+	case DRM_FORMAT_ABGR2101010:
+	case DRM_FORMAT_ABGR16161616F: return true;
+	default: return false;
+	}
+}
+
 } // namespace
 
 QDebug& operator<<(QDebug& debug, const FourCCStr& fourcc) {
@@ -81,25 +118,27 @@ GbmDeviceHandle::~GbmDeviceHandle() {
 	}
 }
 
-// This will definitely backfire later
+// Prefer ARGB over XRGB: XRGB has undefined alpha bytes which cause
+// transparency artifacts on Vulkan (notably Intel GPUs) since Vulkan
+// doesn't auto-fill alpha=1.0 for X formats like EGL does.
 void LinuxDmabufFormatSelection::ensureSorted() {
 	if (this->sorted) return;
 	auto beginIter = this->formats.begin();
 
-	auto xrgbIter = std::ranges::find_if(this->formats, [](const auto& format) {
-		return format.first == DRM_FORMAT_XRGB8888;
-	});
-
-	if (xrgbIter != this->formats.end()) {
-		std::swap(*beginIter, *xrgbIter);
-		++beginIter;
-	}
-
 	auto argbIter = std::ranges::find_if(this->formats, [](const auto& format) {
 		return format.first == DRM_FORMAT_ARGB8888;
 	});
 
-	if (argbIter != this->formats.end()) std::swap(*beginIter, *argbIter);
+	if (argbIter != this->formats.end()) {
+		std::swap(*beginIter, *argbIter);
+		++beginIter;
+	}
+
+	auto xrgbIter = std::ranges::find_if(this->formats, [](const auto& format) {
+		return format.first == DRM_FORMAT_XRGB8888;
+	});
+
+	if (xrgbIter != this->formats.end()) std::swap(*beginIter, *xrgbIter);
 
 	this->sorted = true;
 }
@@ -532,6 +571,15 @@ bool WlDmaBuffer::isCompatible(const WlBufferRequest& request) const {
 }
 
 WlBufferQSGTexture* WlDmaBuffer::createQsgTexture(QQuickWindow* window) const {
+	auto* ri = window->rendererInterface();
+	if (ri && ri->graphicsApi() == QSGRendererInterface::Vulkan) {
+		return this->createQsgTextureVulkan(window);
+	}
+
+	return this->createQsgTextureGl(window);
+}
+
+WlBufferQSGTexture* WlDmaBuffer::createQsgTextureGl(QQuickWindow* window) const {
 	static auto* glEGLImageTargetTexture2DOES = []() {
 		auto* fn = reinterpret_cast<PFNGLEGLIMAGETARGETTEXTURE2DOESPROC>(
 		    eglGetProcAddress("glEGLImageTargetTexture2DOES")
@@ -662,6 +710,313 @@ WlBufferQSGTexture* WlDmaBuffer::createQsgTexture(QQuickWindow* window) const {
 	return tex;
 }
 
+WlBufferQSGTexture* WlDmaBuffer::createQsgTextureVulkan(QQuickWindow* window) const {
+	auto* ri = window->rendererInterface();
+	auto* vkInst = window->vulkanInstance();
+
+	if (!vkInst) {
+		qCWarning(logDmabuf) << "Failed to create Vulkan QSG texture: no QVulkanInstance.";
+		return nullptr;
+	}
+
+	auto* vkDevicePtr =
+	    static_cast<VkDevice*>(ri->getResource(window, QSGRendererInterface::DeviceResource));
+	auto* vkPhysDevicePtr = static_cast<VkPhysicalDevice*>(
+	    ri->getResource(window, QSGRendererInterface::PhysicalDeviceResource)
+	);
+
+	if (!vkDevicePtr || !vkPhysDevicePtr) {
+		qCWarning(logDmabuf) << "Failed to create Vulkan QSG texture: could not get Vulkan device.";
+		return nullptr;
+	}
+
+	VkDevice device = *vkDevicePtr;
+	VkPhysicalDevice physDevice = *vkPhysDevicePtr;
+
+	auto* devFuncs = vkInst->deviceFunctions(device);
+	auto* instFuncs = vkInst->functions();
+
+	if (!devFuncs || !instFuncs) {
+		qCWarning(logDmabuf) << "Failed to create Vulkan QSG texture: "
+		                        "could not get Vulkan functions.";
+		return nullptr;
+	}
+
+	auto getMemoryFdPropertiesKHR = reinterpret_cast<PFN_vkGetMemoryFdPropertiesKHR>(
+	    instFuncs->vkGetDeviceProcAddr(device, "vkGetMemoryFdPropertiesKHR")
+	);
+
+	if (!getMemoryFdPropertiesKHR) {
+		qCWarning(logDmabuf) << "Failed to create Vulkan QSG texture: "
+		                        "vkGetMemoryFdPropertiesKHR not available. "
+		                        "Missing VK_KHR_external_memory_fd extension.";
+		return nullptr;
+	}
+
+	const VkFormat vkFormat = drmFormatToVkFormat(this->format);
+	if (vkFormat == VK_FORMAT_UNDEFINED) {
+		qCWarning(logDmabuf) << "Failed to create Vulkan QSG texture: unsupported DRM format"
+		                     << FourCCStr(this->format);
+		return nullptr;
+	}
+
+	if (this->planeCount > 4) {
+		qCWarning(logDmabuf) << "Failed to create Vulkan QSG texture: too many planes"
+		                     << this->planeCount;
+		return nullptr;
+	}
+
+	std::array<VkSubresourceLayout, 4> planeLayouts = {};
+	for (int i = 0; i < this->planeCount; ++i) {
+		planeLayouts[i].offset = this->planes[i].offset;   // NOLINT
+		planeLayouts[i].rowPitch = this->planes[i].stride; // NOLINT
+		planeLayouts[i].size = 0;
+		planeLayouts[i].arrayPitch = 0;
+		planeLayouts[i].depthPitch = 0;
+	}
+
+	const bool useModifier = this->modifier != DRM_FORMAT_MOD_INVALID;
+
+	VkExternalMemoryImageCreateInfo externalInfo = {};
+	externalInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_EXTERNAL_MEMORY_IMAGE_CREATE_INFO;
+	externalInfo.handleTypes = VK_EXTERNAL_MEMORY_HANDLE_TYPE_DMA_BUF_BIT_EXT;
+
+	VkImageDrmFormatModifierExplicitCreateInfoEXT modifierInfo = {};
+	modifierInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_DRM_FORMAT_MODIFIER_EXPLICIT_CREATE_INFO_EXT;
+	modifierInfo.drmFormatModifier = this->modifier;
+	modifierInfo.drmFormatModifierPlaneCount = static_cast<uint32_t>(this->planeCount);
+	modifierInfo.pPlaneLayouts = planeLayouts.data();
+
+	if (useModifier) {
+		externalInfo.pNext = &modifierInfo;
+	}
+
+	VkImageCreateInfo imageInfo = {};
+	imageInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_CREATE_INFO;
+	imageInfo.pNext = &externalInfo;
+	imageInfo.imageType = VK_IMAGE_TYPE_2D;
+	imageInfo.format = vkFormat;
+	imageInfo.extent = {.width = this->width, .height = this->height, .depth = 1};
+	imageInfo.mipLevels = 1;
+	imageInfo.arrayLayers = 1;
+	imageInfo.samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
+	imageInfo.tiling = useModifier ? VK_IMAGE_TILING_DRM_FORMAT_MODIFIER_EXT : VK_IMAGE_TILING_LINEAR;
+	imageInfo.usage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_SAMPLED_BIT;
+	imageInfo.sharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_EXCLUSIVE;
+	imageInfo.initialLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED;
+
+	VkImage image = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
+	VkResult result = devFuncs->vkCreateImage(device, &imageInfo, nullptr, &image);
+	if (result != VK_SUCCESS) {
+		qCWarning(logDmabuf) << "Failed to create VkImage for DMA-BUF import, result:" << result;
+		return nullptr;
+	}
+
+	VkDeviceMemory memory = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
+
+	// dup() is required because vkAllocateMemory with VK_EXTERNAL_MEMORY_HANDLE_TYPE_DMA_BUF_BIT_EXT
+	// takes ownership of the fd on succcess. Without dup, WlDmaBuffer would double-close.
+	const int dupFd =
+	    dup(this->planes[0].fd); // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-pro-bounds-pointer-arithmetic)
+	if (dupFd < 0) {
+		qCWarning(logDmabuf) << "Failed to dup() fd for DMA-BUF import";
+		goto cleanup_fail; // NOLINT
+	}
+
+	{
+		VkMemoryRequirements memReqs = {};
+		devFuncs->vkGetImageMemoryRequirements(device, image, &memReqs);
+
+		VkMemoryFdPropertiesKHR fdProps = {};
+		fdProps.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_FD_PROPERTIES_KHR;
+
+		result = getMemoryFdPropertiesKHR(
+		    device,
+		    VK_EXTERNAL_MEMORY_HANDLE_TYPE_DMA_BUF_BIT_EXT,
+		    dupFd,
+		    &fdProps
+		);
+
+		if (result != VK_SUCCESS) {
+			close(dupFd);
+			qCWarning(logDmabuf) << "vkGetMemoryFdPropertiesKHR failed, result:" << result;
+			goto cleanup_fail; // NOLINT
+		}
+
+		const uint32_t memTypeBits = memReqs.memoryTypeBits & fdProps.memoryTypeBits;
+
+		VkPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties memProps = {};
+		instFuncs->vkGetPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties(physDevice, &memProps);
+
+		uint32_t memTypeIndex = UINT32_MAX;
+		for (uint32_t j = 0; j < memProps.memoryTypeCount; ++j) {
+			if (memTypeBits & (1u << j)) {
+				memTypeIndex = j;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (memTypeIndex == UINT32_MAX) {
+			close(dupFd);
+			qCWarning(logDmabuf) << "No compatible memory type for DMA-BUF import";
+			goto cleanup_fail; // NOLINT
+		}
+
+		VkImportMemoryFdInfoKHR importInfo = {};
+		importInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMPORT_MEMORY_FD_INFO_KHR;
+		importInfo.handleType = VK_EXTERNAL_MEMORY_HANDLE_TYPE_DMA_BUF_BIT_EXT;
+		importInfo.fd = dupFd;
+
+		VkMemoryDedicatedAllocateInfo dedicatedInfo = {};
+		dedicatedInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_DEDICATED_ALLOCATE_INFO;
+		dedicatedInfo.image = image;
+		dedicatedInfo.pNext = &importInfo;
+
+		VkMemoryAllocateInfo allocInfo = {};
+		allocInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_ALLOCATE_INFO;
+		allocInfo.pNext = &dedicatedInfo;
+		allocInfo.allocationSize = memReqs.size;
+		allocInfo.memoryTypeIndex = memTypeIndex;
+
+		result = devFuncs->vkAllocateMemory(device, &allocInfo, nullptr, &memory);
+		if (result != VK_SUCCESS) {
+			close(dupFd);
+			qCWarning(logDmabuf) << "vkAllocateMemory failed, result:" << result;
+			goto cleanup_fail; // NOLINT
+		}
+
+		result = devFuncs->vkBindImageMemory(device, image, memory, 0);
+		if (result != VK_SUCCESS) {
+			qCWarning(logDmabuf) << "vkBindImageMemory failed, result:" << result;
+			goto cleanup_fail; // NOLINT
+		}
+	}
+
+	{
+		// acquire the DMA-BUF from the foreign (compositor) queue and transition
+		// to shader-read layout. oldLayout must be GENERAL (not UNDEFINED) to
+		// preserve the DMA-BUF contents written by the external producer. Hopefully.
+		window->beginExternalCommands();
+
+		auto* cmdBufPtr = static_cast<VkCommandBuffer*>(
+		    ri->getResource(window, QSGRendererInterface::CommandListResource)
+		);
+
+		if (cmdBufPtr && *cmdBufPtr) {
+			VkCommandBuffer cmdBuf = *cmdBufPtr;
+
+			// find the graphics queue family index for the ownrship transfer.
+			uint32_t graphicsQueueFamily = 0;
+			uint32_t queueFamilyCount = 0;
+			instFuncs->vkGetPhysicalDeviceQueueFamilyProperties(physDevice, &queueFamilyCount, nullptr);
+			std::vector<VkQueueFamilyProperties> queueFamilies(queueFamilyCount);
+			instFuncs->vkGetPhysicalDeviceQueueFamilyProperties(
+			    physDevice,
+			    &queueFamilyCount,
+			    queueFamilies.data()
+			);
+			for (uint32_t i = 0; i < queueFamilyCount; ++i) {
+				if (queueFamilies[i].queueFlags & VK_QUEUE_GRAPHICS_BIT) {
+					graphicsQueueFamily = i;
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+
+			VkImageMemoryBarrier barrier = {};
+			barrier.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_MEMORY_BARRIER;
+			barrier.oldLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL;
+			barrier.newLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL;
+			barrier.srcQueueFamilyIndex = VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_FOREIGN_EXT;
+			barrier.dstQueueFamilyIndex = graphicsQueueFamily;
+			barrier.image = image;
+			barrier.subresourceRange.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT;
+			barrier.subresourceRange.baseMipLevel = 0;
+			barrier.subresourceRange.levelCount = 1;
+			barrier.subresourceRange.baseArrayLayer = 0;
+			barrier.subresourceRange.layerCount = 1;
+			barrier.srcAccessMask = 0;
+			barrier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_SHADER_READ_BIT;
+
+			devFuncs->vkCmdPipelineBarrier(
+			    cmdBuf,
+			    VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TOP_OF_PIPE_BIT,
+			    VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_FRAGMENT_SHADER_BIT,
+			    0,
+			    0,
+			    nullptr,
+			    0,
+			    nullptr,
+			    1,
+			    &barrier
+			);
+		}
+
+		window->endExternalCommands();
+
+		auto* qsgTexture = QQuickWindowPrivate::get(window)->createTextureFromNativeTexture(
+		    reinterpret_cast<quint64>(image),
+		    VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL,
+		    static_cast<uint>(vkFormat),
+		    QSize(static_cast<int>(this->width), static_cast<int>(this->height)),
+		    {}
+		);
+
+		// For opaque DRM formats (XRGB, XBGR, etc.), the alpha bytes are underfined.
+		// EGL silently forces alpha=1.0 for these, but Vulkan doesn't. Replace Qt's
+		// default identity-swizzle VkImageView with one that maps alpha to ONE.
+		if (!drmFormatHasAlpha(this->format)) {
+			auto* vkTexture = static_cast<QVkTexture*>(qsgTexture->rhiTexture()); // NOLINT
+
+			devFuncs->vkDestroyImageView(device, vkTexture->imageView, nullptr);
+
+			VkImageViewCreateInfo viewInfo = {};
+			viewInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_VIEW_CREATE_INFO;
+			viewInfo.image = image;
+			viewInfo.viewType = VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_2D;
+			viewInfo.format = vkFormat;
+			viewInfo.components.r = VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_IDENTITY;
+			viewInfo.components.g = VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_IDENTITY;
+			viewInfo.components.b = VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_IDENTITY;
+			viewInfo.components.a = VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_ONE;
+			viewInfo.subresourceRange.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT;
+			viewInfo.subresourceRange.levelCount = 1;
+			viewInfo.subresourceRange.layerCount = 1;
+
+			result = devFuncs->vkCreateImageView(device, &viewInfo, nullptr, &vkTexture->imageView);
+			if (result != VK_SUCCESS) {
+				qCWarning(logDmabuf) << "Failed to create alpha-swizzled VkImageView, result:" << result;
+			}
+		}
+
+		auto* tex = new WlDmaBufferVulkanQSGTexture(devFuncs, device, image, memory, qsgTexture);
+		qCDebug(logDmabuf) << "Created WlDmaBufferVulkanQSGTexture" << tex << "from" << this;
+		return tex;
+	}
+
+cleanup_fail:
+	if (image != VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
+		devFuncs->vkDestroyImage(device, image, nullptr);
+	}
+	if (memory != VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
+		devFuncs->vkFreeMemory(device, memory, nullptr);
+	}
+	return nullptr;
+}
+
+WlDmaBufferVulkanQSGTexture::~WlDmaBufferVulkanQSGTexture() {
+	delete this->qsgTexture;
+
+	if (this->image != VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
+		this->devFuncs->vkDestroyImage(this->device, this->image, nullptr);
+	}
+
+	if (this->memory != VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
+		this->devFuncs->vkFreeMemory(this->device, this->memory, nullptr);
+	}
+
+	qCDebug(logDmabuf) << "WlDmaBufferVulkanQSGTexture" << this << "destroyed.";
+}
+
 WlDmaBufferQSGTexture::~WlDmaBufferQSGTexture() {
 	auto* context = QOpenGLContext::currentContext();
 	auto* display = context->nativeInterface<QNativeInterface::QEGLContext>()->display();

src/wayland/buffer/dmabuf.hpp

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
+#include <array>
 #include <cstdint>
 
 #include <EGL/egl.h>
@@ -12,9 +13,11 @@
 #include <qsize.h>
 #include <qtclasshelpermacros.h>
 #include <qtypes.h>
+#include <qvulkanfunctions.h>
 #include <qwayland-linux-dmabuf-v1.h>
 #include <qwaylandclientextension.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
+#include <vulkan/vulkan_core.h>
 #include <wayland-linux-dmabuf-v1-client-protocol.h>
 #include <wayland-util.h>
 #include <xf86drm.h>
@@ -114,6 +117,36 @@ private:
 	friend class WlDmaBuffer;
 };
 
+class WlDmaBufferVulkanQSGTexture: public WlBufferQSGTexture {
+public:
+	~WlDmaBufferVulkanQSGTexture() override;
+	Q_DISABLE_COPY_MOVE(WlDmaBufferVulkanQSGTexture);
+
+	[[nodiscard]] QSGTexture* texture() const override { return this->qsgTexture; }
+
+private:
+	WlDmaBufferVulkanQSGTexture(
+	    QVulkanDeviceFunctions* devFuncs,
+	    VkDevice device,
+	    VkImage image,
+	    VkDeviceMemory memory,
+	    QSGTexture* qsgTexture
+	)
+	    : devFuncs(devFuncs)
+	    , device(device)
+	    , image(image)
+	    , memory(memory)
+	    , qsgTexture(qsgTexture) {}
+
+	QVulkanDeviceFunctions* devFuncs = nullptr;
+	VkDevice device = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
+	VkImage image = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
+	VkDeviceMemory memory = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
+	QSGTexture* qsgTexture = nullptr;
+
+	friend class WlDmaBuffer;
+};
+
 class WlDmaBuffer: public WlBuffer {
 public:
 	~WlDmaBuffer() override;
@@ -151,6 +184,9 @@ private:
 
 	friend class LinuxDmabufManager;
 	friend QDebug& operator<<(QDebug& debug, const WlDmaBuffer* buffer);
+
+	[[nodiscard]] WlBufferQSGTexture* createQsgTextureGl(QQuickWindow* window) const;
+	[[nodiscard]] WlBufferQSGTexture* createQsgTextureVulkan(QQuickWindow* window) const;
 };
 
 QDebug& operator<<(QDebug& debug, const WlDmaBuffer* buffer);

src/wayland/session_lock.cpp

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 #include <qqmlcomponent.h>
 #include <qqmlengine.h>
 #include <qqmllist.h>
+#include <qquickgraphicsconfiguration.h>
 #include <qquickitem.h>
 #include <qquickwindow.h>
 #include <qscreen.h>
@@ -216,6 +217,15 @@ void WlSessionLockSurface::onReload(QObject* oldInstance) {
 
 	if (this->window == nullptr) {
 		this->window = new QQuickWindow();
+
+		// needed for vulkan dmabuf import, qt ignores these if not applicable
+		auto graphicsConfig = this->window->graphicsConfiguration();
+		graphicsConfig.setDeviceExtensions({
+		    "VK_KHR_external_memory_fd",
+		    "VK_EXT_external_memory_dma_buf",
+		    "VK_EXT_image_drm_format_modifier",
+		});
+		this->window->setGraphicsConfiguration(graphicsConfig);
 	}
 
 	this->mContentItem->setParentItem(this->window->contentItem());

src/wayland/session_lock/surface.cpp

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ QSWaylandSessionLockSurface::QSWaylandSessionLockSurface(QtWaylandClient::QWayla
 	wl_output* output = nullptr; // NOLINT (include)
 	auto* waylandScreen = dynamic_cast<QtWaylandClient::QWaylandScreen*>(qwindow->screen()->handle());
 
-	if (waylandScreen != nullptr) {
+	if (waylandScreen != nullptr && !waylandScreen->isPlaceholder() && waylandScreen->output()) {
 		output = waylandScreen->output();
 	} else {
 		qFatal() << "Session lock screen does not corrospond to a real screen. Force closing window";

src/wayland/wlr_layershell/surface.cpp

@@ -143,11 +143,11 @@ LayerSurface::LayerSurface(LayerShellIntegration* shell, QtWaylandClient::QWayla
 		auto* waylandScreen =
 		    dynamic_cast<QtWaylandClient::QWaylandScreen*>(qwindow->screen()->handle());
 
-		if (waylandScreen != nullptr) {
+		if (waylandScreen != nullptr && !waylandScreen->isPlaceholder() && waylandScreen->output()) {
 			output = waylandScreen->output();
 		} else {
 			qWarning()
-			    << "Layershell screen does not corrospond to a real screen. Letting the compositor pick.";
+			    << "Layershell screen does not correspond to a real screen. Letting the compositor pick.";
 		}
 	}
 

src/widgets/ClippingRectangle.qml

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+pragma ComponentBehavior: Bound
+
 import QtQuick
 
 ///! Rectangle capable of clipping content inside its border.
@@ -72,6 +74,12 @@ Item {
 		}
 	}
 
+	ShaderEffectSource {
+		id: shaderSource
+		hideSource: true
+		sourceItem: contentItemContainer
+	}
+
 	ShaderEffect {
 		id: shader
 		anchors.fill: root
@@ -79,10 +87,6 @@ Item {
 		property Rectangle rect: rectangle
 		property color backgroundColor: "white"
 		property color borderColor: root.border.color
-
-		property ShaderEffectSource content: ShaderEffectSource {
-			hideSource: true
-			sourceItem: contentItemContainer
-		}
+		property ShaderEffectSource content: shaderSource
 	}
 }

src/window/proxywindow.cpp

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #include <qqmlengine.h>
 #include <qqmlinfo.h>
 #include <qqmllist.h>
+#include <qquickgraphicsconfiguration.h>
 #include <qquickitem.h>
 #include <qquickwindow.h>
 #include <qregion.h>
@@ -147,6 +148,15 @@ void ProxyWindowBase::ensureQWindow() {
 	this->window = nullptr; // createQQuickWindow may indirectly reference this->window
 	this->window = this->createQQuickWindow();
 	this->window->setFormat(format);
+
+	// needed for vulkan dmabuf import, qt ignores these if not applicable
+	auto graphicsConfig = this->window->graphicsConfiguration();
+	graphicsConfig.setDeviceExtensions({
+	    "VK_KHR_external_memory_fd",
+	    "VK_EXT_external_memory_dma_buf",
+	    "VK_EXT_image_drm_format_modifier",
+	});
+	this->window->setGraphicsConfiguration(graphicsConfig);
 }
 
 void ProxyWindowBase::createWindow() {
@@ -213,6 +223,7 @@ void ProxyWindowBase::completeWindow() {
 	this->trySetHeight(this->implicitHeight());
 	this->setColor(this->mColor);
 	this->updateMask();
+	QQuickWindowPrivate::get(this->window)->updatesEnabled = this->mUpdatesEnabled;
 
 	// notify initial / post-connection geometry
 	emit this->xChanged();
@@ -288,10 +299,16 @@ void ProxyWindowBase::setVisibleDirect(bool visible) {
 			this->bBackerVisibility = false;
 			this->deleteWindow();
 		}
-	} else if (this->window != nullptr) {
-		if (visible) this->polishItems();
-		this->window->setVisible(visible);
-		this->bBackerVisibility = visible;
+	} else {
+		if (visible && this->window == nullptr) {
+			this->createWindow();
+		}
+
+		if (this->window != nullptr) {
+			if (visible) this->polishItems();
+			this->window->setVisible(visible);
+			this->bBackerVisibility = visible;
+		}
 	}
 }
 
@@ -463,6 +480,19 @@ void ProxyWindowBase::setSurfaceFormat(QsSurfaceFormat format) {
 	emit this->surfaceFormatChanged();
 }
 
+bool ProxyWindowBase::updatesEnabled() const { return this->mUpdatesEnabled; }
+
+void ProxyWindowBase::setUpdatesEnabled(bool updatesEnabled) {
+	if (updatesEnabled == this->mUpdatesEnabled) return;
+	this->mUpdatesEnabled = updatesEnabled;
+
+	if (this->window != nullptr) {
+		QQuickWindowPrivate::get(this->window)->updatesEnabled = updatesEnabled;
+	}
+
+	emit this->updatesEnabledChanged();
+}
+
 qreal ProxyWindowBase::devicePixelRatio() const {
 	if (this->window != nullptr) return this->window->devicePixelRatio();
 	if (this->mScreen != nullptr) return this->mScreen->devicePixelRatio();

src/window/proxywindow.hpp

@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ class ProxyWindowBase: public Reloadable {
 	Q_PROPERTY(QObject* windowTransform READ windowTransform NOTIFY windowTransformChanged);
 	Q_PROPERTY(bool backingWindowVisible READ isVisibleDirect NOTIFY backerVisibilityChanged);
 	Q_PROPERTY(QsSurfaceFormat surfaceFormat READ surfaceFormat WRITE setSurfaceFormat NOTIFY surfaceFormatChanged);
+	Q_PROPERTY(bool updatesEnabled READ updatesEnabled WRITE setUpdatesEnabled NOTIFY updatesEnabledChanged);
 	Q_PROPERTY(QQmlListProperty<QObject> data READ data);
 	// clang-format on
 	Q_CLASSINFO("DefaultProperty", "data");
@@ -140,6 +141,9 @@ public:
 	[[nodiscard]] QsSurfaceFormat surfaceFormat() const { return this->qsSurfaceFormat; }
 	void setSurfaceFormat(QsSurfaceFormat format);
 
+	[[nodiscard]] bool updatesEnabled() const;
+	void setUpdatesEnabled(bool updatesEnabled);
+
 	[[nodiscard]] QObject* windowTransform() const { return nullptr; } // NOLINT
 
 	[[nodiscard]] QQmlListProperty<QObject> data();
@@ -163,6 +167,7 @@ signals:
 	void colorChanged();
 	void maskChanged();
 	void surfaceFormatChanged();
+	void updatesEnabledChanged();
 	void polished();
 
 protected slots:
@@ -187,6 +192,7 @@ protected:
 	ProxyWindowContentItem* mContentItem = nullptr;
 	bool reloadComplete = false;
 	bool ranLints = false;
+	bool mUpdatesEnabled = true;
 	QsSurfaceFormat qsSurfaceFormat;
 	QSurfaceFormat mSurfaceFormat;
 

src/window/windowinterface.cpp

@@ -127,6 +127,9 @@ void WindowInterface::setMask(PendingRegion* mask) const { this->proxyWindow()->
 QsSurfaceFormat WindowInterface::surfaceFormat() const { return this->proxyWindow()->surfaceFormat(); };
 void WindowInterface::setSurfaceFormat(QsSurfaceFormat format) const { this->proxyWindow()->setSurfaceFormat(format); };
 
+bool WindowInterface::updatesEnabled() const { return this->proxyWindow()->updatesEnabled(); };
+void WindowInterface::setUpdatesEnabled(bool updatesEnabled) const { this->proxyWindow()->setUpdatesEnabled(updatesEnabled); };
+
 QQmlListProperty<QObject> WindowInterface::data() const { return this->proxyWindow()->data(); };
 // clang-format on
 
@@ -148,6 +151,7 @@ void WindowInterface::connectSignals() const {
 	QObject::connect(window, &ProxyWindowBase::colorChanged, this, &WindowInterface::colorChanged);
 	QObject::connect(window, &ProxyWindowBase::maskChanged, this, &WindowInterface::maskChanged);
 	QObject::connect(window, &ProxyWindowBase::surfaceFormatChanged, this, &WindowInterface::surfaceFormatChanged);
+	QObject::connect(window, &ProxyWindowBase::updatesEnabledChanged, this, &WindowInterface::updatesEnabledChanged);
 	// clang-format on
 }
 

src/window/windowinterface.hpp

@@ -143,6 +143,12 @@ class WindowInterface: public Reloadable {
 	///
 	/// > [!NOTE] The surface format cannot be changed after the window is created.
 	Q_PROPERTY(QsSurfaceFormat surfaceFormat READ surfaceFormat WRITE setSurfaceFormat NOTIFY surfaceFormatChanged);
+	/// If the window should receive render updates. Defaults to true.
+	///
+	/// When set to false, the window will not re-render in response to animations
+	/// or other visual updates from other windows. This is useful for static windows
+	/// such as wallpapers that do not need to update frequently, saving GPU cycles.
+	Q_PROPERTY(bool updatesEnabled READ updatesEnabled WRITE setUpdatesEnabled NOTIFY updatesEnabledChanged);
 	Q_PROPERTY(QQmlListProperty<QObject> data READ data);
 	// clang-format on
 	Q_CLASSINFO("DefaultProperty", "data");
@@ -231,6 +237,9 @@ public:
 	[[nodiscard]] QsSurfaceFormat surfaceFormat() const;
 	void setSurfaceFormat(QsSurfaceFormat format) const;
 
+	[[nodiscard]] bool updatesEnabled() const;
+	void setUpdatesEnabled(bool updatesEnabled) const;
+
 	[[nodiscard]] QQmlListProperty<QObject> data() const;
 
 	static QsWindowAttached* qmlAttachedProperties(QObject* object);
@@ -258,6 +267,7 @@ signals:
 	void colorChanged();
 	void maskChanged();
 	void surfaceFormatChanged();
+	void updatesEnabledChanged();
 
 protected:
 	void connectSignals() const;